1758 Peace Treaty
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English Translation / Spanish Transcription
ENGLISH
Treaty of Peace, August 14-15, 1758, San Miguel de las Amarillas [Panzacola]
AGN Marina 17, Exp. 19, ff. 305r-309v
Translation by John E. Worth.
[f. 305r]
In this post and presidio of San Miguel de las Amarillas, on the fourteenth of April of this year of seventeen fifty-eight, the señor Don Miguel Roman de Castilla, y Lugo, Colonel of Infantry of the Royal Armies, Political and Military Goivernor of this aforementioned post and presidio and its jurisdiction, Lieutenant Captain General and Inspector of its troops, convened in General Junta formed this day in the house of his residence, in which there attended the Very Reverend Fathers fray Luis Quixano, Preachers fray Joseph Nodal, fray Juan de Goyeneche, and fray Juan Antonio Hernández, and the señores Lieutenant Colonel Second Engineer don Phelipe Feringan Cortés, extraordinary engineer, and Commandant of Apalache don Juan Joseph Cotilla, Captain don Santiago Benito Eraso, Paymaster don Juan Antonio Ytuarte, Adjutant Major don Carlos López, Lieutenants don Joseph Escobar and don Pedro Amoscotigui y Bermudo, and Ensign don Francisco Solano Garcia. The said Junta was executed with the motive of there having arrived at this post on the tenth of the present [month] Acmucaiche, principal Indian of the pueblo of Tequipaxche, capital of the Province of the Talapuses, chief and superior casique of the said nation, in the company of thirteen casiques from the rest of the pueblos comprising that Province, his seconds [in command], and one hundred twenty-six Indians between principal [Indians] and warriors. The aforementioned requested by means of Andrés Escudero, principal Indian of the pueblo of Punta Rasa, that the said Junta be formed in order to discuss in it the business that occasioned their arrival, in consequence of what they resolved in the aforementioned pueblo of Tuquipaxche on the twenty-fourth of September of this past year of [seventeen] fifty-seven, where at the request of the named Andrés de Escudero, sent by the said señor governor with seven more Indians of this faction in order to inform himself about the motive and circumstances that caused the movement of war that the said Indians were undertaking against this post, that of Florida, and Apalache. Peace was achieved for then, which they offered to revalidate afterwards in this post. There attended the Junta the aforementioned Acmucaiche as head of all the Talapusa nation; Ymbinaqui, casique of the pueblo of Athasi; Chatapi, casique of Tuslibaxle; Ysimibitaque, casique of Tushiache; Tibaxilaiche, casique of Thalci; Nitaxiche, casique of Colome; Falchilla, casique of Sabanuque; Ytimupanalla, casique of Calayche; Ysinsunque casique of Tilape; Afulufi, casique of Tasqui; Ymufi, casique of [Cayamxiqui?]; Titaafique, casique of Tulapuche; Annatiche, casique of Talaxaiche; Quilate captain of Auquipaxche; Ylxeaniqui, principal Indian of the said pueblo; Ufulqui, son of the field master General don Baltasar Balero, great casique who was of Cabeta; thirteen principal Indians who accompanied the thirteen casiques; the casiques and principal [Indians] of the two pueblos of this jurisdiction, Punta Rasa and Escambe; Andrés Escudero, casique who has been of the [pueblo] of Punta Rasa, and Joseph Marin, who served as interpreters. By means of the aforementioned, the said Indian Acmucaiche made his first speech, requesting permission to speak, which was granted. He said that since the beginnings of the first settlement of this presidio, which was erected on this same mainland, called Old Panzacola, those of his nation had been enemies of the Spaniards and Frenchmen, and we of them, and that after many damages that they did to us, they discussed making peace with us, and some of the principal [Indians] of his province having determined to come and propose it, as they did, celebrating a Junta with the Spanish officers in the castillo that they had, which was executed with the ceremonies of having broken the weapons and buried them below the table where the Spaniards were writing the propositions with which they wanted to establish it. And regardless of us having failed to attend to them with those gifts that they offered them, not the slightest extortion by his [people] has been experienced since that time by this presidio, whether on the island or on this mainland. But since among them they have neither books nor letters like the Spaniards in order to write so that those who succeed them know it always, they have recourse to their elders so that with their children they pass the memory from one to another, and it is maintained among the casiques and principal [Indians]. And as this normally also becomes confused with time, considering all this in the aforementioned meeting which they had in his pueblo on the said day of September twenty-fourth of the past year of [seventeen] fifty-seven in the presence of Andrés Escudero and the seven principal Indians from the pueblo of Punta Rasa, on the occasion that some young Indian men from those of his province had gathered to make war against Apalache, intending to do the same with this post, and desiring to re-establish that ancient peace, the aforementioned Andrés Escudero persuaded them in the name of the said señor governor that the casiques and principal [Indians] of this time should not forget their early establishments from now on, they all offered to come personally to this presidio in order to re-validate the same agreement that their ancient predecessors had established, determining from then, as they executed, to command that the squads of Indian warriors who were outside [the pueblo] should withdraw, and those who went forth to reinforce the seige of Apalache should retreat. And in this attention he came with all the casiques and principal [Indians] of his province who were present, each one in name of his pueblo, and he in the [name] of all, to establish a general peace, constituting themselves from this day as subjects of the King of Spain, without the said province of the Talapuces, up to that of the Apiscas, its confederates, being able to take up arms against this presidio, that of San Marcos de Apalache, nor that of San Augustin de la Florida, with the Spaniards having to execute the same with them. With this new alliance, all those of these two nations can communicate with the Spaniards from one place to another as friends, and vassals of one single king, obligating themselves to be prompt to the defense and aid of the aforementioned three presidios and their jurisdictions whenever they should need it, and notify them about anything new that any other nations or vagabonds might attempt in harm of the Spaniards. And in demonstration of the sincerity and firmness of this contract, and that they constitute themselves, with all those of his Talapusa nation and including the Apiscas, as subjects and vassals of the King of Spain, submitting themselves beneath the Royal Patronage, they left in the possession of the señor governor, as a most solemn ceremony of their fidelity, a pipe of red stone, and two fans of white feathers, so that these three tokens might be guarded in the archive of this government, and serve for all time as instruments that vouch for this firm reconciliation, and that obligate them to fulfill it. And likewise, they will not impede anyone of their nation who wishes to be Christian, including both those in their own lands, where they will be pleased to admit missionaries who want to go instruct them, and also those who might wish to come and reside in the pueblos in this vicinity, without this prohibiting free commerce with their houses and relatives. Having made this speech, explained by the aforementioned interpreters, the señor governor responded to them everything he could convey to the intent of this act, expounding at length with expressions that left them satisfied, and in demonstration that in the name of the king he admitted them and recognized them as subjects and vassals of His Majesty, he gave to each one of the said casiques and other principal [Indians] a patent as war captain, of which they have such appreciation, and to Acmucaiche, as principal head of them, another of captain commandant, so that all would obey him in the affairs of war, giving him a staff and other ornaments as insignia of his office, which he received with thanks and submission, newly ratifying the offered peace and subordination to the king a second and third time, in the company of all, saluting his royal name according to their style, and celebrating with a salvo of artillery and other demonstrations of joy equally among all. Concluding this act with all possible solemnity, they asked the señor governor for permission to name the aforementioned Indian Andrés Escudero as governor general of the two provinces of the Talapuses and Apiscas, in recognition of having been the means of returning to revive this ancient agreement, and having conceded it, they elected him immediately with all those circumstances and ceremonies most acceptable among them, requesting afterwards that this election be confirmed by the said señor governor, as was executed. Finally, they reminded us of the obligation which we had set up since that ancient peace to attend to them with the gifts that are customary between other nations and their allies, requesting that they be given different things that they needed, but giving them to understand the shortages that this post was suffering in order not to indulge them in everything they asked, they were given as much as possible. They satisfied themselves with requesting that notice be given to the Most Excellent Señor Viceroy of New Spain so that in view of everything he might take the steps to attend to what they sought, and that in case His Excellency did not act as they hoped, the señor governor would from now on permit them license for two principal [Indians] of their nation to pass to the kingdom [of New Spain] and make the request, as was done by don Baltasar Valero in times past. And requesting [license] to return to their province after two days, the Junta was concluded, which was signed on the said day, month, and year by the aforementioned governor and the rest of the señores attending, and [signing] for Acmucaiche and the rest of the casiques who comprise all the province of the Talapuces and Apiscas, the aforementioned Andres Escudero and Joseph Marin as interpreters – Miguel Roman de Castilla y Lugo – fray Luis Quixano – fray Joseph Nodal – fray Juan Thomas Goyeneche – fray Juan Anttonio Hernandes – Phelipe Feringan Cortés – Juan Cottilla – don Santiago Benito Eraso – Juan Anttonio Ytuarte – Carlos Lopes – Joseph de Escobar – Pedro Amoscotegui y Bermudo – Francisco Solano Garcia – As interpreters for the Talapuses Indians – Andres Escudero – Joseph Marin – San Miguel, April fifteenth of seventeen fifty-eight. Copies will be made in order to give an account to the Most Excellent Señor Viceroy of New Spain, and to remit to the señores governor and commandant of St. Augustine, Florida, and Apalachee, this original remaining in the archive of this government for its safekeeping. Roman. This is a copy of the original Junta that remains in the archive of this government. And so that it is thus on record, I certify it in this post and presidio of San Miguel de las Amarillas on the eighteenth of April of seventeen fifty-eight. Miguel Roman de Castilla y Lugo.
Treaty of Peace, August 14-15, 1758, San Miguel de las Amarillas [Panzacola]
AGN Marina 17, Exp. 19, ff. 305r-309v
Transcription by John E. Worth.
[f. 305r]
En esta Plasa, y Precidio de San Miguel de las Amarillas, en catorse dias de el mes de Abril de estte año de mil settecienttos cinquentta, y ocho, el señor D.n Miguel roman de Castilla, y Lugo, Coronel de Ynfantteria de los reales exercittos, Governador Politico, y militar de estta dha, Plasa, y Precidio, y su Jurisdiccion Theniente de Capittan General, e Ynspector de su tropa, haviendo combocado a Junta General formada estte dia, en la Casa de su morada en que concurrieron los mui Reverendos Padres fray Luis Quixano, Predicadores fray Joseph Nodal, fray Juan de Goyeneche, y fray Juan Anttonio Hernandes, y los señores theniente coronel Yngeniero en segundo D.n Phelipe Feringan Corttes Yngeniero exttraordinario, y comandantte de Apalache D.n Juan Joseph Cotilla, Capittan D.n Santtiago Benitto Eraso, Pagador D.n Juan Anttonio Ytuarte, Ayudantte maior D.n Carlos Lopes, Thenienttes D.n Joseph Escobar, y D.n Pedro Amoscotigui, y Bermudo, y alferes D.n Francisco Solano Garcia cuia Juntta se executo con el motibo de haver llegado a estta Plasa el dia diez de el presentte Acmucaiche Yndio principal de el Pueglo de Tequipaxche, Cabesera de la Provincia de los Talapuses, Gefe, y Superior Casique de dha Nacion en compañia de trese Casiques de los demas Pueblos de que se compone aquella Provincia, sus segundos, y ciento, y veinte, y seis Yndios entre principales, y guerreros: los quales por medio de Andres Escudero Yndio principal de el Pueblo de Punta Raza, y Joseph Marin que hacian oficio de Yntterprettes, pidieron se formase la expresada Juntta para trattar en ella los negocios que les ocaciono su benida; en concequencia de lo que resolvieron en el referido Pueblo de Tuquipaxche el dia veintte y quatro de Septtiembre de el año proximo pasado de cinquenta, y siete, donde a solicitud de el nominado Andres de Escudero, embiado por dicho, señor Governador con siete Yndios mas de esta Parcialidad para informarse de el motibo, y circunstancias que causaban el mobimiento de Guerra que dichos Yndios emprendian, contra esta Plasa, la de la Florida, y Apalache se convocaron, y se conciguio la pacificacion por entonces que ofrecieron revalidar despues en estta Plasa = concurrieron a la Junta el expresado Acmucaiche como cabesa de toda la nacion Talapusa, Ymbinaqui casique de el Pueblo de Athasi, Chatapi casique de Tuslibaxle Ysimibitaque casique de Tushiache, Tibaxilaiche Casique de Thalci, Nitaxiche casique de Colome Falchilla casique de Sabanuque, Ytimupanalla casique de Calayche Ysinsunque casique de Tilape, Afulufi casique de Tasqui, Ymufi casique de [Cayamxiqui?], Titaafique casique de Tulapuche Annatiche casique de Talaxaiche, Quilate ca[f. 306v]pitan de Auquipaxche, Ylxeaniqui Yndio principal de dicho Pueblo, Ufulqui hijo del maestre de campo General D.n Balttasar Balero gran Casique que fue de Cabeta, trese Yndios principales que acompañaban a los trese Casiques: los Casiques, y principales de los dos Puebloz de estta Jurisdiccion Punta Rasa, y Escambe Andres Escudero Casique que ha sido de el de Puntarrasa, y Joseph Marin que sirvieron de Ynterpretes; por medio de los quales el citado Yndio Acmucaiche hiso su primera oracion pidiendo licencia para hablar la que condedida Dixo que desde el principio de la primera Poblacion de este Precidio que se erigio en esta misma tierra firme llamado la antigua Panzacola havian sido los de su nacion enemigos de los Españoles y Franceses, y nosotros de ellos; y que despues de muchos daños que nos hicieron discurrieron haser la Paz con nosottros, y detterminandoze algunos de los principales de su Provincia el venir a proponerla, como assi lo executaron selebrando una junta con los Oficiales Españoles, en el Castillo que tenian, la que se executo con las ceremonias de haver roto las Armas, y enterradolas debajo de la Mesa adonde los Españoles estaban escribiendo las propociciones con que querian extable[f. 307r]cerla, y que sin embargo de haverse faltado por nosotros a atenderles con aquellas regalias que les ofrecieron, jamas se ha experimenttado desde aquel tiempo que por los suios haya padecido este precidio ya fuese en la Ysla, o en esta Tierra Firme, la menor extorcion, pero que como entre ellos no tienen libros, ni letras como los Españoles para escribir por donde lo saben siempre los que ban subcediendo a los maiores se balen para con sus hijos de la memoria que de unos en otros, entre los casiques, y principales se mantiene: Y como estta suele tambien con el tiempo confundirse, conciderando todo esto en la referida junta que en precencia de Andres Escudero, y los siete Yndios principales de el Pueblo de Puntarrasa tubieron en su Pueblo el dho dia veinte, y quatro de Septiembre de el año proximo pasado de cinquenta, y siete en ocacion que algunos Yndios mozos de los de su Provincia se havian congregado para hacer guerra contra Apalache, yntentando haser lo mismo con esta Plasa; y deseando extableser nuevamente aquella antigua Paz a que el mencionado Andres Escudero les persuadia en nombre de dho señor Governador para que los casiques y prin[f. 307v]cipales de este tiempo no lo olvidasen en lo de adelante sus primitibos exttablecimienttos, ofrecieron unir todos personalmente a estte Precidio para rebalidar la misma concordia que havian exttablecido sus antiguos, detterminando desde luego como lo executtaron el mandar recojiesen las Quadrillas de los Yndios de guerra que andaban fuera, y retirarlas que salieron a reforsar el serco de Apalache: Y que en estta atencion venia con todos los casiques, y principales de su Provincia que estaba presentes cada uno en nombre de su Pueblo, y el en el de todoz a establecer una Paz General constituyendose desde estte dia por subditos de el Rey de España sin que por partte de dha, Provincia de los Talapuces, hasta la de los Apiscas sus confederados puedan tomar las Armas conttra estte Precidio, el de San Marcos de Apalache, ni el de San Augusttin de la Florida debiendoze executtar lo proprio de partte de los Españoles [para?] con ellos: Con cuia nueba alianza puedan todos los de esttas dos Naciones comunicarse con los Españoles de una partte a otrra, como Amigos, y Vasallos de un mismo Rey: Obligandoze a esttar prompttos a la defensa, y socorro de los cittados tres Precidios, y sus Jurisdicciones siempre que lo nesesittan; y avisar de qualquiera novedad que inttentan [f. 308r] algunas ottras Naciones, o bagamundos que sea en daño de los Españoles; y que para muestra de la cinceridad, y firmesa de estte conttractto, y de que se constituyen con todos los de su Nacion Talapusa, y hasta los Apiscas por subditos, y Basallos de el Rey de España sometiendoze bajo de el Real Pattrocinio dejaban en poder de el señor Governador como seremonia solemnisima de su fidelidad una Pipa de piedra colorada, y dos abanicos de pluma blanca para que esttas tres prendas se guarden en el Archivo de este Govierno, y sirban en todo tiempo como de Ynstrumentos que acreditten estta firme reconciliacion y les obligue a cumplirla: Y assimismo, no estorbar a ninguno de su Nacion que quiera ser Christiano assi en sus mismas Tierras donde admitirian gustozos a los Religiozos que quieran ir a instruirlos como aquellos que quicieren venirse a avecindarse a los Pueblos de estas cercanias, sin que por esto se les prive el libre comercio con sus casas, y parientes hecha estta arenga, y explicada por los referidoz Yntterprettes se les respondio por el señor Governador todo lo que pudo conducir a el Ynttentto de este acto explayandoze con algunas expreciones que los dejaron sattisfechas, y para muestra de que en nombre de el Rey les admitia, y reconocia por subditos, y basallos de Su Magestad, les dio a cada uno de dhos, Casiques, y a otros principales una Patente [f. 308v] de Capittan de Guerra de que hasen tanto aprecio y a Acmucaiche como cabesa principal de ellos otra de Capittan Comandantte para que todos le obedescan en los negocios de la Guerra dandole un Bastton y ottras alaxas, como incignia de su empleo, que rezivio con agradecimientto, y sumicion volbiendo de nuevo segunda, y tersera ves, en compañia de todos a rattificar la ofrecida Paz, y subordinacion a el Rey brindando en su Real nombre segun su estilo, y selebrandoze con salva de Artilleria, y ottras demonsttraciones de regocijo, igualmentte en unos, y ottros – Fenecido estte actto con toda la solemnidad pocible pidieron licencia al Señor Governador para nombrar por Governador General de las dos Provincias de los Talapuses, y Apiscas al referido Yndio Andres Escudero en memoria de haver sido el el medio de volver a rebibir estta antigua concordia, y haviendosela concedido lo eligieron immediattamente con todas aquellas circunsttancias, y seremonias entre ellos mas plaucibles, pidiendo despues se confirmase por dho, señor Governador estta eleccion como se executto. – Ulttimamente hicieron presente la obligacion en que nos haviamos consttituido desde aquella primitiba Paz, para attenderles con los regaloz que aconstumbran ottras Naciones con sus aliados pidiendo se les diese diferenttes cozas que nesecitaban pero haciendoseles saber las excaseses que padecia esta [f. 309r] Plasa para no complacerles en todo lo que pedian, se les dio lo mas que se pudo contenttandoze con suplicar se diese quenta a el Ex.mo Señor Virrey de Nueva España para que entterado de todo tomase las providencias de atenderles en lo que demandaban, y que el señor Governador en caso de que S. Ex.a no lo executase como lo esperaban, les permitiese desde ahora licencia para pasar al Reyno dos principales de su nacion a representtarlo assi como lo executto don Baltthasar Valero, en tiempos pasados y pidiendola para restituirse despues de dos dias a su Provincia se fenecio la Junta que firmaron en dho dia, mes y año el referido señor Governador, y los demas señores de su concurrencia: y por Acmucaiche, y los demas Casiques que componian toda la Provincia de los Talapuces, y Apiscas el nominado Andres Escudero, y Joseph Marin como Yntterpretes – Miguel Roman de Castilla, y Lugo – Fray Luis Quixano – Fray Joseph Nodal – Fray Juan Thomas Goyeneche – Fray Juan Anttonio Hernandes – Phelipe Feringan Cortés – Juan Cottilla – Don Santiago Benito Eraso – Juan Anttonio Ytuarte – Carlos Lopes – Joseph de Escobar – Pedro Amoscotegui y Bermudo – Francisco Solano Garcia – Como Ynterpretes por los Yndios Talapuses – Andres Escu[f. 309v]dero – Joseph Marin – San Miguel Abril quince de mil settecienttos cinquenta, y ocho – Saquense los Testtimonios que se necesiten para dar quenta a el Ex.mo Señor Virrey de la Nueva España, y remitir a los Señores Governador y Comandantte de San Augusttin de la Florida y Apalache quedando estte original en el Archivo de estte Govierno para su resguardo – Roman – Es copia de la Junta original que queda en el Archivo de estte Govierno: Y para que conste assi lo certtifico en estta Plasa, y Precidio de San Miguel de las Amarillas en dies, y ocho de Abril de mil settecientos cinquenta, y ocho años – Miguel Roman de Castilla, y Lugo.